东帝汶民主共和国或通称东帝汶是位于东南亚地区帝汶岛东端的国家,后来在澳洲等国家的支持下通过公投决定独立,年5月2日正式独立。对东帝汶而言,檀香树是珍贵的树种,也是东南亚岛国的文化指标,与国家历史紧密交织,因此檀香树成为东帝汶的国树。过去因为东帝汶有许多檀香树,葡萄牙和印尼入侵统治以掠取檀香,就是看见其不菲的价值。
DemocraticRepublicofTimor-Leste(Timor-Leste)isacountryinMaritimeSoutheastAsia.ItbecamethefirstnewsovereignstateonMay20,withthesupportfromAustraliaandUnitedNations.Sandalwood–Santalumalbum–isaprecioustreeandanidentityforTimor-Leste.Timor-LestetreatssandalwoodthenationaltreeasitisaculturalmarkerfortheinsularAsiannation.ThereweremanysandalwoodtreesinTimor-LestewherePortugalandIndonesiasawthevalueandinvadedTimor-Lesteforitsprecioussandalwood.
澳洲国立大学人类学助理教授安德.麦可威廉(AndrewMcWilliam)研究了帝汶岛的自然资源管理实践长达数十年,他说:东帝汶的历史,至少过去的一千年皆以珍贵的檀木制品的运输及贸易有关。年12月7日,印尼入侵并占领东帝汶长达25年,印尼不断帝夺取当地的天然资源,尤其是檀木和咖啡。掠取大量的森林资源后,印尼军队使用凝固汽油弹将其付之一炬。
“ThehistoryofTimor-Leste,forperhapsthelastmillennium,hasbeenintimatelylinkedtotheshiftingfortunesofsandalwoodproductionandtrade”,saysAndrewMcWilliam,anassociateprofessorofanthropologyatAustralianNationalUniversitywhohasstudiedTimor’snaturalresourcemanagementpracticesfordecades.TheIndonesianmilitaryinvadedandoccupiedTimor-LesteonDecember7,anditlastedfor25years.Indonesianmilitarywasunremittinglyplunderedofitsnaturalresources,andsandalwoodandcoffeeinparticular.Theyburnedanddecimatedtheforestsusingnapalmafter